Informing New York City Subway Flooding Solutions Through Sociotechnical Infrastructure

Urban flooding is an urgent problem to be solved as climate change intensifies its threat, and urban subway systems need to prepare for potential flooding. Since the subway network is part of an interconnected infrastructure system, it is necessary to formulate comprehensive plans for infrastructure maintenance and management. Based on official reports, project plans, news, announcements from the government, and relevant research, I have established a comprehensive framework to assess infrastructure management to deal with flooding in New York City (NYC). Drawing from the experience in London and Tokyo I also explore whether their practices can be lessons for NYC in general drainage method, monitoring and maintenance, and mapping and public awareness. From the perspective of infrastructure management, this study helps NYC clarify the gaps in current infrastructure management, including necessity to improve sewage design standards, upgrade the monitoring system, and develop an active mechanism to engage the public.