Cult Places and Cultural Change in Republican Italy

Cult Places and Cultural Change in Republican Italy

by Tesse Stek

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This scholarly study throws a new light on the Roman impact on religious structures in Republican Italy. In the last four centuries BC, Italy went through immense changes. The Apennine and Adriatic areas were originally inhabited by various 'Italic' tribes and characterised by a specific non-urban societal organisation, in which cult places had a pivotal function. From the fourth century BC onwards the area was gradually incorporated by Rome, profoundly altering its geopolitical make-up. The author not only investigates the changing social and political function of cult places in non-Roman Italic society, he also highlights the importance of cult places and religious rituals for new Roman communities in the conquered areas. This research thus opens new perspectives on the issue of the 'religious romanisation' of Italy by arguing for a strong Roman impact also in non-urbanised areas. Tesse Stek bases his study on the analysis of archaeological, literary and epigraphic evidence from rural cult places in Central and Southern Italy, including field work on the Samnite temple of S. Giovanni in Galdo. Cultusplaatsen vervulden een spilfunctie in de landelijke gebieden van Italië. Vanaf de vierde eeuw v. Chr. werden zij veroverd door Rome. De politieke en militaire invloed van Rome is bekend, maar er is weinig aandacht geweest voor de gevolgen van Romes veroveringen op religieus vlak. Tesse Stek werpt licht op de veranderingen binnen heiligdommen en religieuze structuren als gevolg van de Romeinse expansie. De religieuze invloed van Rome gold altijd als beperkt, maar Stek betoogt dat de veroveringen leidden tot de installatie van nieuwe Romeinse cultusplaatsen, rituelen en feesten. Ook bestaande inheemse heiligdommen werden daarvoor hergebruikt. Tegelijkertijd speelden heiligdommen een hoofdrol in het formeren en consolideren van nieuwe Italische etnische groepen die in reactie op de Romeinse expansie ontstonden.

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