International almanac of electoral history, 1981

This data collection was assembled by Professor Thomas T. Mackie of the University of Strathclyde, Scotland. The data are published in The International Almanac of Electoral History edited by Thomas T. Mackie and Richard Rose. The data set contains information for elections in specified countries from the beginning of competitive national elections until December of 1981. Included are the United States Presidential election returns and votes for members of the lower houses of parliament in the remaining countries in the survey. Votes are recorded for every party which has at least once secured one percent or more of the valid vote in a national election. Some parties with fewer votes are included where this aids cross-national comparison, or where the separatist or regional character of the party may lead it to regard its own 'nation' as smaller than the total electorate. The universe for the sample included the following countries, Austria, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and the United States of America.