Arnold J. Toynbee

14 Apr 1889 – 22 Oct 1975

Arnold Joseph Toynbee (14 April 1889 – 22 October 1975) was a British historian, philosopher of history, research professor of International History at the London School of Economics and the University of London and author of numerous books. **Source**: [Arnold J. Toynbee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_J._Toynbee) on Wikipedia